ATC code | N06AA09 |
---|---|
CAS Number | 5491-15-1 |
Other product names | Elavil, Endep, Tryptizol |
Dosage form | Oral tablet |
Active ingredient | Amitriptyline |
Other ingredients | Microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, sodium starch glycolate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, iron oxide yellow, iron oxide red |
Pharmacological classification | Tricyclic antidepressant |
Pharmacological action | Increases serotonin and norepinephrine levels in the brain, sedative |
Storage conditions | Store at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C). It can be kept for brief periods between 59°F and 86°F (15°C and 30°C). Keep this drug away from light. Don’t store this drug in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms. |
Amitriptyline: What Is It?
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant drug commonly prescribed to treat several disorders, including depression, neuropathic pain, and migraine headaches. It works by increasing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, serotonin and norepinephrine, in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a significant role in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite. By increasing these levels, amitriptyline helps reduce the symptoms of depression and other disorders.
Amitriptyline Composition
Each amitriptyline tablet contains 25 milligrams of amitriptyline hydrochloride. The tablets may also include inactive ingredients like lactose, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose to help bind the medication together and improve its stability.
Benefits of Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline may offer different benefits and drawbacks depending on the condition being treated. Some of the key benefits include:
- Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: Amitriptyline is effective in treating major depressive disorder, improving mood, reducing feelings of sadness, and increasing energy levels.
- Relief from Chronic Pain: Amitriptyline can relieve chronic pain disorders, including migraines, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain.
- Improved Sleep Quality: Amitriptyline can help treat insomnia due to its sedative properties, promoting better sleep quality.
Uses of Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline is a versatile medication with numerous therapeutic uses. Its primary applications include:
- Major Depressive Disorder: Amitriptyline is a suitable treatment option for depression, especially when other antidepressants haven’t been effective.
- Management of Neuropathic Pain: Amitriptyline can help control chronic pain caused by nerve damage, such as diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia.
- Migraine Headache Prevention: Amitriptyline can help prevent migraine headaches, reducing their frequency and intensity.
- Insomnia Treatment: Amitriptylines sedative properties can help individuals with insomnia achieve better sleep quality.
Although further research is needed in these areas, amitriptyline may also be used off-label to treat conditions like anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, and restless leg syndrome.
Amitriptyline Administration
Amitriptyline is typically administered orally, usually once a day at bedtime, as it can cause drowsiness. The specific dosage and frequency of administration will vary depending on the individuals condition, age, and response to treatment. Your doctor will determine the optimal dosage and regimen for you.
Amitriptyline Dosage
Your doctor will determine the amitriptyline dosage based on your individual needs. Adults often start with a daily dosage of 25 to 50 mg, taken right before bed. Your doctor may gradually increase the dosage until the desired therapeutic effect is achieved. It is crucial to avoid adjusting the dosage yourself; you should follow your doctors instructions closely.
Amitriptyline Side Effects
Like all medications, amitriptyline can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects include:
- Drowsiness: Amitriptyline may cause drowsiness, particularly during the first few days of treatment. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you understand how this medication affects you.
- Dry Mouth: Amitriptyline can cause dry mouth. Drinking water frequently can help alleviate this symptom.
- Constipation: Amitriptyline can cause constipation. You can avoid this side effect by increasing fiber intake and staying hydrated.
- Blurred Vision: Amitriptyline can cause blurred vision. This side effect is usually temporary and resolves as your body gets used to the medication.
- Increased Appetite: Amitriptyline may increase hunger, which can lead to weight gain.
Less common side effects include headache, tremor, anxiety, sexual dysfunction, and dizziness. If you experience any severe adverse effects, such as seizures, difficulty breathing, or chest pain, seek immediate medical attention.
Amitriptyline Contraindications
Amitriptyline is not suitable for everyone. Individuals with certain medical conditions, particularly known allergies to amitriptyline or any of its components, should avoid it. These conditions include:
- Recent heart attack
- Uncontrolled heart disease
- Glaucoma
- Prostatic hyperplasia
- Recent regular use of MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors)
Before taking amitriptyline, you should inform your doctor about any medical conditions you currently have. It is also essential to let your doctor know about any other medications you are taking, as over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements may interact with amitriptyline.
Amitriptyline Drug Interactions
Amitriptyline can interact with other medications, including:
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Combining MAOIs with amitriptyline can lead to a life-threatening condition called serotonin syndrome.
- Other Antidepressants: Combining amitriptyline with other antidepressants increases the risk of side effects.
- Sedatives: Combining amitriptyline with sedatives will intensify drowsiness.
- Antihistamines: Amitriptyline used with antihistamines may cause drowsiness.
- Alcohol: Alcohol can enhance the sedative properties of amitriptyline.
Ensure your doctor is aware of all the medications and supplements you are taking before starting amitriptyline.
Amitriptyline and Pregnancy/Nursing
Amitriptyline should be avoided during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, as it can pose risks to the developing fetus. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, discuss the risks and benefits of amitriptyline with your doctor.
Amitriptyline and Operating Machinery
Amitriptyline can cause drowsiness and impaired judgment. Avoid operating or driving machinery until you understand how this medication affects you. If you feel drowsy, refrain from these activities.
Where to Buy Amitriptyline
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