Cardiopyrin (Tablets) Instructions for Use

Marketing Authorization Holder

Ortat, JSC (Russia)

ATC Code

B01AC06 (Acetylsalicylic acid)

Active Substance

Acetylsalicylic acid (Ph.Eur.)

Dosage Form

Cardiopyrin

Enteric-coated tablets, 100 mg: 10, 20, or 50 pcs.

Dosage Form, Packaging, and Composition

10 pcs. – blister packs (1) – cardboard packs.

10 pcs. – blister packs (2) – cardboard packs.

10 pcs. – blister packs (5) – cardboard packs.

Clinical-Pharmacological Group

NSAID. Antiplatelet agent

Pharmacotherapeutic Group

NSAID

Pharmacological Action

NSAID, antiplatelet agent. The mechanism of action of acetylsalicylic acid is based on the irreversible inhibition of the COX-1 enzyme, resulting in the blockade of thromboxane A₂ synthesis and suppression of platelet aggregation. It is believed that Acetylsalicylic acid has other mechanisms for suppressing platelet aggregation, which expands its scope of application in various vascular diseases.

Acetylsalicylic acid in higher doses also has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, it is rapidly absorbed mainly from the proximal part of the small intestine and to a lesser extent from the stomach. The presence of food in the stomach significantly alters the absorption of acetylsalicylic acid. The bioavailability of acetylsalicylic acid is about 70%, but this value is characterized by significant individual variability due to presystemic hydrolysis in the gastrointestinal mucosa and in the liver with the formation of salicylic acid under the action of enzymes. The bioavailability of salicylic acid is 80-100%. It is metabolized in the liver by hydrolysis to form salicylic acid, followed by conjugation with glycine or glucuronide. The concentration of salicylates in blood plasma is variable.

About 80% of salicylic acid binds to plasma proteins. Salicylates easily penetrate into many tissues and body fluids, including cerebrospinal, peritoneal, and synovial fluids. Small amounts of salicylates are found in brain tissue, traces – in bile, sweat, and feces. It quickly crosses the placental barrier and is excreted in small amounts in breast milk.

It is excreted mainly by active secretion in the renal tubules unchanged (60%) and in the form of metabolites. The excretion of unchanged salicylate depends on the pH of the urine (when the urine is alkalized, the ionization of salicylates increases, their reabsorption worsens, and excretion significantly increases). T_1/2 of acetylsalicylic acid is approximately 15 min. T_1/2 of salicylate when taken in low doses is 2-3 hours; with an increase in dose (>3 g), it can increase to 15-30 hours due to saturation of enzyme systems.

Indications

Unstable angina and stable angina; prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction; prevention of recurrent transient ischemic attack and recurrent ischemic stroke in patients who have previously suffered from cerebrovascular accident; prevention of thrombotic complications after surgeries and invasive interventions on blood vessels (such as coronary artery bypass grafting, carotid endarterectomy, arteriovenous shunting, coronary artery angioplasty and stenting, carotid artery angioplasty).

ICD codes

Dosage Regimen

Establish the dosage regimen individually based on the specific cardiovascular indication and patient risk factors.

For secondary prevention of myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and ischemic stroke, administer a single daily dose of 100 mg.

For the prevention of thrombotic complications following vascular surgeries such as coronary artery bypass grafting or carotid endarterectomy, use a daily dose of 100 mg.

For the prevention of recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), a daily dose of 50-100 mg is recommended.

Administer tablets orally, swallowed whole with a sufficient amount of water.

Take the dose once daily, preferably at the same time each day to ensure consistent antiplatelet effect.

Take the tablet before meals to ensure rapid absorption, unless gastrointestinal intolerance occurs.

Do not crush or chew the enteric-coated tablet, as this will compromise its protective coating.

For long-term antiplatelet therapy, do not discontinue use without consulting a physician due to the increased risk of thrombotic events.

The maximum daily dose for long-term cardiological use is typically 150-200 mg; higher doses are not recommended for antiplatelet effects.

Adverse Reactions

Allergic reactions often – urticaria, angioedema; sometimes – anaphylactic reactions.

From the digestive system very often – heartburn; often – nausea, vomiting; sometimes – abdominal pain, ulcers of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, gastrointestinal bleeding; rarely – perforation of gastric or duodenal ulcer, increased activity of liver enzymes; very rarely – stomatitis, esophagitis, erosive lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract, strictures, colitis, irritable bowel syndrome.

From the respiratory system often – bronchospasm.

From the hematopoietic system very often – increased bleeding; rarely – anemia; very rarely – hypoprothrombinemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, aplastic anemia, eosinophilia, agranulocytosis.

From the nervous system sometimes – dizziness, drowsiness; often – headache, insomnia; rarely – tinnitus, cerebral hemorrhage.

Contraindications

Cerebral hemorrhage; tendency to bleeding (vitamin K deficiency, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic diathesis); bronchial asthma induced by the intake of salicylates and NSAIDs; erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (in the acute phase); gastrointestinal bleeding; severe renal failure (creatinine clearance <10 ml/min); glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency; simultaneous use with methotrexate (>15 mg per week); I and III trimesters of pregnancy; lactation period (breastfeeding); children and adolescents under 18 years of age; hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid and other NSAIDs.

With caution

Gout, hyperuricemia, history of ulcerative gastrointestinal lesions or gastrointestinal bleeding, renal and/or hepatic insufficiency, bronchial asthma, hay fever, nasal polyposis, allergic conditions, II trimester of pregnancy.

Use in Pregnancy and Lactation

Contraindicated for use in the I and III trimesters of pregnancy. In the II trimester of pregnancy, a single dose is possible for strict indications.

It has a teratogenic effect: when used in the I trimester, it leads to the development of cleft palate; in the III trimester, it causes inhibition of labor (inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis), premature closure of the arterial duct in the fetus, hyperplasia of pulmonary vessels, and hypertension in the pulmonary circulation.

Acetylsalicylic acid is excreted in breast milk, which increases the risk of bleeding in the child due to impaired platelet function, therefore acetylsalicylic acid should not be used by the mother during lactation.

Use in Hepatic Impairment

Contraindication: hepatic insufficiency.

Use with caution in patients with liver diseases.

Use in Renal Impairment

Contraindication: renal insufficiency.

Use with caution in patients with kidney diseases.

Pediatric Use

Contraindication: children and adolescents under 18 years of age.

Geriatric Use

Use with caution to avoid the risk of exacerbation of chronic diseases.

Special Precautions

Acetylsalicylic acid can provoke bronchospasm, as well as cause attacks of bronchial asthma and other hypersensitivity reactions. Risk factors include a history of bronchial asthma, hay fever, nasal polyposis, chronic respiratory diseases, as well as allergic reactions (e.g., skin reactions, itching, urticaria) to other drugs.

Acetylsalicylic acid can cause bleeding of varying severity during and after surgical interventions.

Several days before a planned surgical intervention, the risk of bleeding should be assessed against the risk of ischemic complications in patients taking low doses of acetylsalicylic acid. If the risk of bleeding is significant, acetylsalicylic acid intake should be temporarily discontinued.

The combination of acetylsalicylic acid with anticoagulants, thrombolytics, and antiplatelet drugs is accompanied by an increased risk of bleeding.

Taking acetylsalicylic acid in low doses can provoke the development of gout in predisposed individuals (with reduced excretion of uric acid).

The combination of acetylsalicylic acid with methotrexate is accompanied by an increased frequency of side effects from the hematopoietic organs.

Taking acetylsalicylic acid in high doses has a hypoglycemic effect, which must be taken into account when prescribing it to patients with diabetes mellitus receiving oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin.

When using systemic corticosteroids and salicylates concomitantly, it should be remembered that during treatment the concentration of salicylates in the blood is reduced, and after discontinuation of systemic corticosteroids, an overdose of salicylates is possible.

The combination of acetylsalicylic acid with ibuprofen is not recommended in patients with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: with simultaneous use with ibuprofen, a decrease in the antiplatelet effect of acetylsalicylic acid in doses up to 300 mg is noted, which leads to a decrease in the cardioprotective effects of acetylsalicylic acid.

Exceeding the dose of acetylsalicylic acid above the recommended therapeutic doses is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

With long-term use of acetylsalicylic acid in low doses as antiplatelet therapy, caution is required in elderly patients due to the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

With simultaneous intake of acetylsalicylic acid with ethanol, the risk of damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa and prolongation of bleeding time is increased.

Effect on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms

During treatment with acetylsalicylic acid preparations, patients should be cautious when driving vehicles and engaging in potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions

With simultaneous use, antacids containing magnesium and/or aluminum hydroxide slow down and reduce the absorption of acetylsalicylic acid.

With simultaneous use of calcium channel blockers, agents that limit calcium intake or increase calcium excretion from the body, the risk of bleeding increases.

With simultaneous use with acetylsalicylic acid, the effects of heparin and indirect anticoagulants, hypoglycemic agents of sulfonylurea derivatives, insulins, methotrexate, phenytoin, valproic acid are enhanced.

With simultaneous use with corticosteroids, the risk of ulcerogenic action and the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding increases.

With simultaneous use, the effectiveness of diuretics (spironolactone, furosemide) is reduced.

With simultaneous use of other NSAIDs, the risk of side effects increases. Acetylsalicylic acid may reduce plasma concentrations of indomethacin, piroxicam.

With simultaneous use with gold preparations, Acetylsalicylic acid may induce liver damage.

With simultaneous use, the effectiveness of uricosuric agents (including probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, benzbromarone) is reduced.

With simultaneous use of acetylsalicylic acid and alendronate sodium, severe esophagitis may develop.

With simultaneous use of griseofulvin, impaired absorption of acetylsalicylic acid is possible.

A case of spontaneous hemorrhage into the iris has been described when taking ginkgo biloba extract against the background of long-term use of acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 325 mg/day. It is believed that this may be due to an additive inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation.

With simultaneous use of dipyridamole, an increase in C_max of salicylate in blood plasma and AUC is possible.

With simultaneous use with acetylsalicylic acid, the concentrations of digoxin, barbiturates, and lithium salts in blood plasma increase.

With simultaneous use of high doses of salicylates with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, salicylate intoxication is possible.

Acetylsalicylic acid in doses less than 300 mg/day has a slight effect on the effectiveness of captopril and enalapril. When using acetylsalicylic acid in high doses, a decrease in the effectiveness of captopril and enalapril is possible.

With simultaneous use, caffeine increases the rate of absorption, plasma concentration, and bioavailability of acetylsalicylic acid.

With simultaneous use, metoprolol may increase the C_max of salicylate in blood plasma.

When using pentazocine against the background of long-term use of high doses of acetylsalicylic acid, there is a risk of severe adverse reactions from the kidneys.

With simultaneous use, phenylbutazone reduces uricosuria caused by acetylsalicylic acid.

With simultaneous use, ethanol may enhance the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the gastrointestinal tract.

Storage Conditions

Store at 2°C (36°F) to 25°C (77°F). Keep in original packaging, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Dispensing Status

Over-the-Counter

Important Safety Information

This information is for educational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor before use. Dosage and side effects may vary. Use only as prescribed.