Ampicillin powder 500mg 1 vial

Powder for solution for injection – white hygroscopic.

Pharmacokinetics:

If ingestion is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, is not destroyed in the acidic environment of the stomach. For parenteral administration (in / m / w) concentration in the blood exceeds posed by ingestion. T1 / 2 -. 2 hours is distributed in most organs and tissues found in therapeutic concentrations in the pleural, peritoneal and synovial fluids. Poor permeates through GEB, inflammation of the meninges BBB permeability increases dramatically. Ampicillin 30% is metabolized in the liver. Write mainly in the urine (70-80%) and bile, in urine are high concentrations of unchanged drug. Ampicillin trihydrate and ampicillin sodium salt after repeated administration does not cumulate.

Description of the pharmacological actions:

It is active against gram-positive organisms, including Staphylococcus spp. (Except for strains producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (Including Enterococcus spp.), Gram-negative microorganisms, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, Bordetella pertussis, some strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, aerobic bacteria asporogenous -.. Listeria monocytogenes. Destroyed by penicillinase, is acid.

Testimony:

Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms susceptible to ampicillin, including ear infections, throat, nose, odontogenic infections, respiratory tract infections (pneumonia, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess), acute and chronic urinary infections and biliary tract (pyelitis, pyelonephritis, cholecystitis), gastrointestinal infections (including salmonella ), gynecological infections (including gonorrhea), meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, sepsis, rheumatism, erysipelas, scarlet fever, skin and soft tissue infections.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity (including penicillin and others. Beta-lactam antibiotics), infectious mononucleosis, lymphatic leukemia.

Application of pregnancy and breastfeeding:

When pregnancy is possible if the expected effect of therapy outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. At the time of treatment with breastfeeding does not stop, but the duration of treatment is minimized (passes into breast milk).

Side effect:

Cardio-vascular system and blood (blood, hemostasis): anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, goiter, pseudomembranous colitis, glossitis, stomatitis, increased liver transaminases.

Allergic reactions: skin rash, pruritus, urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, fever, arthralgia, eosinophilia, angioedema, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, anaphylactic shock, and others.

Other: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis.

Drug Interactions:

Probenecid reduces ampicillin tubular secretion, thereby enhancing the concentration of the latter in the blood and increases the risk of toxic effects. When co-administered with allopurinol increases the probability of occurrence of skin rash. In an application with oral medications estrogensoderjath marked decline in their performance (due to the attenuation of hepatic circulation of estrogen). Ampicillin enhances the action of oral anticoagulants, aminoglycoside antibiotics series.

Dosage and administration:

Inside, the suspension is washed down with water. Tablets are taken regardless of meals. The dosage is determined individually depending on the degree of disease severity and localization of infection susceptibility.

Suspension:. Adult single dose – 0.25-0.5 g 4 times a day for children weighing up to 20 kg – 12.5-25 mg / kg every 6 hours duration of treatment depends on the localization of the infection and the characteristics of the disease. The maximum dose for adults – 4 g / day.

For the preparation of suspensions in a vial containing 5 g of the preparation, in terms of pharmaceutical added 62 ml of distilled water (1 ml ampicillin finished suspension contains 50 mg). Suspension metered dosing spoon having two marks: lower – corresponds to 2.5 ml (125 mg), upper – 5 ml (250 mg). Before use, the suspension is shaken.

Tablets: single dose for adults – 0.25-0.5 grams daily – 1-3 years Children weighing more than 20 kg – 50-100 mg / kg / day, up to 20 kg – 12.5-25 mg / kg / day. The daily dose is taken in 3-4 divided doses. The maximum daily dose – 4 g

V / m or /. Before the use of pre-prepared solution by adding the powder in the vial with the solvent. With infections of moderate flow to adults – a / m 0.25-0.5 g every 6-8 hours, in severe infections – in / 1-2 g 3-4 times a day. When listeriosis – a / m or / in the 50 mg / kg every 6 hours for meningitis – 14 g / day (multiplicity of introduction – 6-8 times). The maximum daily dose for adults – ’14

Children with severe and moderate infections – a / m 25-50 mg / kg 4 times a day, with meningitis daily dose – 100-200 mg / kg in 6-8 administrations.

Precautionary measures:

To use caution in patients with bronchial asthma, hay fever and other allergic diseases, at the same time appoint desensitizing agents. When allergic reactions, drug overturned and appoint desensitizing therapy. If signs of anaphylactic shock is necessary to take urgent measures to bring the patient out of this state. In debilitated patients with long-term care may develop superinfection caused by resistant to malaria infections (candidiasis) in patients in the treatment of drug appropriate to appoint B vitamins and vitamin C, and if necessary – Nystatin or Levorinum.

In the course of treatment requires systematic monitoring of renal function, liver (especially in liver failure), peripheral blood picture. In patients with impaired renal function requires correction dosing regimen in accordance with the values ??of creatinine clearance. The use of high doses in patients with renal insufficiency may lead to toxic effects on the CNS.

In the application of ampicillin in patients with bacteremia (sepsis) is possible bacteriolysis reaction (Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction).